Archmat - Archaeometry and material science

Materia oscura es un río negro que serpentea en la bóveda de la memoria histórica y del futuro de los mexicanos. Los autores entregan su vista cuidadosa al lector para poder asomarlo al pasado de Petróleos Mexicanos y su actuación en los mercados internacionales de hidrocarburos de los años que van de 1982 a 1988. Un estudio histórico y humanístico complejo que ofrece, además, una mirada prospectiva e interdisciplinaria del fenómeno que permite visibilizar los equívocos que llevarían al debilitamiento y privatización de esta empresa del Estado y a la desnacionalización de la riqueza energética de México

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis was done on bone collagen from 65 human samples and 20 faunal samples originating from Loulé, south Portugal; and 38 from these were analyzed for sulfur stable isotope. The human bone samples were excavated from 2 cemeteries outside the medieval wall of the city, while the faunal bones were excavated from trash pits in the historical center of Loulé. All samples represent Muslims dating from the Almohad period (c. 12th-13th AD), who were probably the last persons living under Islamic rule, before the conquest of Algarve in 1249. Faunal samples consumed a diet based mainly on C3-plants, differences were found in the δ15N values of fauna which allowed differentiation between wild and domestic animals. These diversity in values could reflect differences in animal foddering practices among the population. Results indicate that these individuals consumed a diet based on C3-plants (wheat, barley, olives, figs, etc.) with probably some inputs of C4-plants (sorghum and millet); and animal protein. An enrichment in δ15N and δ13C is seen in part of the individuals that might reflect marine protein consumption, which is supported by the δ34S values obtained and the presence of fish bones in the zooarchaeological context. δ34S values evidenced that diet from the individuals from both cemeteries was partly composed by non-local products, evidencing a possible trading system. Differences between diet in humans from both cemeteries was noticed. This difference may be due to social or ethnical causes.